There is a definite link between the Harlem Renaissance and the development of Black consciousness, not only in Paris, France, but all over the French-speaking, or Francophone World inherited from Colonial Times. This consciousness became associated with a word newly coined by influential Black French intellectuals. The word was "Negritude." And this term, "Négritude," became incorporated into Black French consciousness. The time line of the Harlem Renaissance, from 1919 to 1939, shows a strong connection between New York and Paris, but the most crucial years are the 1920s. While W.E.B. Dubois organized the First Pan African Congress in London in 1900, the second one took place in February 1919 in Paris. By September 1919, the idea of long distant travel across the Atlantic Ocean becomes a reality with Marcus Garvey's foundation of the Black Star Shipping Line. This opens new horizons for African Americans and a chance to go from the Americas (North America, South America and the Antilles) to Africa and Europe.